نشریه دانش انتظامی آذربایجان شرقی
پیاپی 35 (زمستان 1398)

The concept of "social capital" has been the subject of many researches in the social sciences in recent years. It shows that the use of social virtual networks, including Facebook, is spreading among the younger generation and it has affected the human communication and interaction. Now, the present study aims to answer to the question that is there a relationship between social capital of individuals in cyberspace and the real world? The research method in this research is a survey and for measuring and collecting the data, a questionnaire tool was used. The statistical population of the study consists of young users of the social network (Facebook) in Tabriz in 2018. To do this, 300 people were selected as the sample size using the available and voluntary sampling method. Findings indicate that there is a direct relationship between the duration of Facebook membership, the amount of Facebook use and the level of participation and activity of users on Facebook and users' social capital in real and virtual space. Also, the findings show that there is a relationship between the social capital, social trust, social interaction, social support and the scope of communication network in the real world and cyberspace. In addition, social capital in cyberspace could explain 0.42 of the social capital variances in the real world.

Citizenship is a set of rights and freedoms that the government, within its borders, undertakes under domestic law to recognize as a privilege for citizens. The present study aimed to determine teachers' attitudes toward familiarity with citizenship rights and related social factors. It was an applied research in terms of purpose and a cross-sectional study in terms of time. The research method was survey. The statistical population was 1880 female teachers in education district one of Tabriz. The statistical sample was determined based on Morgan table equal to 319 people and the sampling was done by relative stratified random sampling method. Findings showed that there is a significant difference between the attitudes of female teachers towards familiarity with citizenship rights in terms of age and the use of mass media. There was no significant difference between the attitudes of female teachers towards familiarity with citizenship rights in terms of their indigenousness and non-indigenousness. There was a significant relationship between the attitude of female teachers towards familiarity with citizenship rights and the level of social participation and the level of awareness of laws (legal literacy).

Today, violence against women is one of the most important social harms in both the national and international levels. Violence against women can be the result of the women's inability to manage living conditions and establish social relationships properly and can be examined based on the concept of social intelligence in the three dimensions of social information processing, social skills and social awareness. Albert Bandura's theory of social learning and pressure theory were used to explain the concept of violence. The statistical population of this study consists of 700 married women aged 20-60 years in Tabriz. Data were collected using a questionnaire and Amos Graphics and SPSS 21 software were used to analyze them. Findings show that there is a significant and inverse correlation between violence against women and the variable dimensions of women's social intelligence: as the level of women's social intelligence increases and their ability to manage situations properly and adapt to individual-social differences, the level of violence against them Also decreases in the same proportion. Therefore, in this regard, solutions to reduce the rate of violence using social preventive approaches have been presented in the research suggestions section.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of components of school belonging in adolescents' addiction in Tabriz. The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research consists of all high school students in Tabriz in 2020, which is about 15,000 people, and the sample size was selected using the Morgan table of 375 high school students as an online call. The research instruments included a questionnaire of school affiliation and addiction tendency questionnaire and the data analysis method was performed using multiple regression test in SPSS software version 22. Findings showed that there is a negative relationship between the components of teacher support, participation in the community, sense of respect, sense of belonging to peers, relationship with school and scientific participation with the tendency of adolescents in Tabriz (P <0.05). Comparing the beta coefficients, it can be said that the feeling of belonging to school (-0.196) in comparison with other components included in the model has the most impact and the component of scientific participation (-0.119) has the least impact on the tendency to addiction in adults.

Present study is conducted to study the investigate and describe the types of social harms in acute and critical areas of East Azerbaijan province and in 5 cities of Tabriz, Maragheh, Marand, Bonab and Miyaneh; The research method is secondary analysis. The statistical population of the study was the statistics of social harms in the studied cities. Findings of the study indicate that in the city of Tabriz, the total crime rate in 2017 compared to 2016, has decreased by 19%. The crime ranking of Tabriz city in 2017 shows that in this city, social corruption is ranked first, personal strife and conflict is ranked second, betrayal of trust is ranked third, fraud is ranked fourth and forgery is ranked fifth. Also in the cities of Bonab, Maragheh, Miyaneh and Marand, the pattern and order of occurrence of crimes (5 crimes that have the highest frequency) in 2017 are similar. So that the crimes of personal strife (rank 1), social corruption (rank 2), betrayal of trust (rank 3), fraud (rank 4) and forgery (rank 5) have a higher frequency in these four cities.

Crime prevention is one of the main strategies of criminal policy that has always been considered to curb and control the criminal phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the role of responsible institutions in crime prevention; Qualitative research method is purposeful sampling method by referring to key studies and interview data collection technique;  Participants in the present study were 30 key informants, especially professors of sociology and economics at the University of Tabriz, senior police experts, senior experts of the Welfare Organization, Islamic Developmen Organization, the General Directorate of Culture and Islamic Guidance, the General Directorate of the Relief Committee , senior experts of the Deputy for Prevention of Justice of East Azerbaijan Province and citizens of the capital of East Azerbaijan Province (Tabriz). The results indicate that from the perspective of key informants, five education departments, the judiciary, police, governorate, and Broadcasting can play an important role in prevention.